Introduction : Towards a Portrait of Human Nature in Early Judaism
Rationale and Method of the Present Study
The Plan of the Present Study
Of Image, Earth, and Dust : The Emergence of Creation Topoi to Depict Human Nature in Early Judaism
The Sentences of Pseudo-Phocylides
From Image and Earth to Dust : The Growth of the Use of Creation Topoi and the Amplification of Human Lowliness
Excursus : "Mother and her Seven Sons" in 2 Maccabees 7
Describing Body, Soul, and Spirit : Examining Humanity's Composition
The Testament of Abraham B
Excursus : Anthropological Trichotomy and the Composition of Humankind in the Second Temple Period
Internal and External Disturbance : Body-Soul Dualism through the Lens of Psychic Strife
Jewish Apotropaic Prayers
Mapping the Human Condition : Free Will and the Inclination(s) to Sin
Free Will in Ben Sira, Psalms of Solomon, the Damascus Document (CD), and Josephus
Inclination(s) and the Human Condition
A Predetermined Condition : Humanity's Double Duality, Nothingness, and "Fleshly" State
The "Treatise of the Two Spirits" (1QS 3:13-4:26)
Human Condition in the Hymn of Praise (1QS 10:9-11:22)
Musar le-Mevin and the "Fleshly" Condition
Human Nature in Early Judaism
Collective Humanity as a Creation
Discretion and Determination of the Human Condition
A Synthesis : The Story of Human Nature in Ancient Judaism
The Dualism of Flesh and Spirit?
Further Studies in Early Judaism
Opening the Door to Studies in the New Testament and Rabbinic Judaism