Business practices in emerging and re-emerging markets

List of Figures and Tables

List of Abbreviations

Acknowledgments

Preface

Notes on Contributors

1. Introduction

Aims and Objectives of the Book

Definition of Emerging Markets

The Conceptual Framework of the Book

The Pedagogy, Positioning, and Organization of the Book

Summary of Chapters

Part I. The Emerging Markets

Part II. Business and Ethical Orientations

Part III. Emering Lifestyle and Consumer Behavior

Part IV. Emerging Business Practices

References

Part I. The Emerging Markets

2. Market Liberalization in Emerging Economies: Changing Business Practices

Introduction

Methodology

The Theoretical Framework

Omission of Politics in SAPs

Political Interest Groups

Emerging Economy of Kenya

Economic Restructuring

Logic of Reform

Initial Responses to Market Liberalization

Marketing Practices before Liberalization

Government Interference in Perfectly Competitive Markets

Changing Marketing Dynamics

Market Share

Product Quality

Production Differentiation

Economic Performance

Price and Low-Cost Production

Effective Distribution System

Research and Development

Raw Materials

Financial Strength

The Future of Marketing in Kenya's Emerging Economy

Conclusion

References

Part II. Business and Ethical Orientations

3. Business Orientation, Brand Image, and Business Performance

Introduction

Background to the Study

The Conceptual Model

Marketing Orientation

Social Orientation

Economic Orientation

Brand Image and Business Performance

Methodology

Research Design

Data Collection

Characteristics of the Sample

Operationalization of the Measures

Business Orientation

Brand Image

Business Performance

Analysis

Results and Discussion

Marketing Orientation

Social Orientation

Economic Orientation

Brand Image

Implications for Managers

Future Research Directions

Conclusion

References

4. Ethics and Profitability: Can They Coexist?

Introduction

The Conceptual Framework and Hypotheses Development

Moral Philosophies: Deontological versus Teleological

Link between CEV and Profitability

Methodology

Measurements to Variables

Deontological and Teleological Variables

CEV Scale

Ethics-Based Profitability

Data Collection and Sample Characteristics

Data Collection

Characteristics of the Sample

Analysis and Results

Discussion

Directions for Future Study

Conclusion

References

5. Business Ethics and Marketing Practices in Nigeria

Introduction

Business Ethics

Nigerian Business Environment as an Emerging Market

Heavy Dependence on Petroleum (Oil)

Low Agricultural Production

High Unemployment and Underemployment of School Leavers

Inflation

Underutilization of Production Capacity

Debt Burden

Human Burden

Unethical Business Practices

Product Adulteration and Piracy

Inadequate Information by Marketers

Deceptive Packaging

Poor Customer Services in Banks and Insurance Companies

Lack of Guarantee for Mechanical Goods

Misleading Advertisements and Deceptive Business Promotion

Advance Fee Fraud and Money Laundering

Shortchanging Customers

The Ethics Project 2006

Government Policies and Watchdog Agencies

Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC)

Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission (ICPC)

Nigerian Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA)

Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON) and National Copyright Commission (NCC)

National Agency for Food and Drug Administration Commission (NAFDAC)

Conclusion

References

Part III. Emerging Lifestyle and Consumer Behavior

6. Attitude of Indian Consumers toward Wine: Pleasure versus Prescription

Introduction

The Context

The Choices: Pleasure versus Prescription

Prescription-Based Choice

Pleasure-Based Choice

The Wine Consumer

The Theoretical Framework

Methodology

The Attitude Scale and Data Collection

Selection of the Product (Wine), Respondents, and Sample Characteristics

Analysis

Results and Discussion

Implications for Managers and Conclusion

Appendix

References

7. Culture, Creativity, and Advertising

Introduction

The Culture-Creativity Framework

Literature Review and the Field Perspective

Methodology

Selection of Countries

Selection of the Product-Perfume Advertisements

Selection of Magazines, Advertisements, and Respondents

Results

Discussion

Recommendations

Implications for Managers

Limitations

Future Research Directions

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

Part IV. Emerging Business Practices

8. The Current Marketing Practices in Ghana

Introduction

Background to the Study

Structural Adjustment Program

Literature Review

Marketing Orientation

Pre-SAP Market Conditions and Practices

Emerging Marketing Practices in the Post-SAP Environment

Hypotheses Development

Marketing Orientation of Domestic and Foreign Firms

Research Design

Survey Administration

Characteristics of Respondent Firms

Operationalization of Measures

Results and Discussion

Perceived Importance of Marketing Activities

Performance of Marketing Activities

Managerial Implications

Limitations and Future Research Avenues

References

9. Performance Measurements of the International Joint Ventures in an Emerging Market

Introduction

Definition of Emerging Market

Potential Benefits of IJVs

Differences in Tastes, Demands, and Income Levels

Differences in Factor Endowments

Differences in Knowledge-Based Assets

Differences in Government Regulations

Cross-border Flexibility

Bargaining Power

Costs and Risks of Multiple Sources of Value

Costs and Risks of Multiple Levels of Authority

Presence of the After-Sales Services

The Theoretical Framework

Agency

Trust

Consensus or Conflicts about Goals

Context-Based Bargaining Power

Partners' Host Country Knowledge

Control

Size of the IJVs

Strategy

Technology

Transaction Costs

Culture and Society

Long-term Orientation

Economy and Market Size

Government and Politics

Industrial Structure

Resources

Performance Measurement

Methodology

Data Collection

Data Analysis

Case Studies

Service Firm A

Manufacturing Firm B

Service Firm C

Manufacturing Firm D

Service Firm E

Cross-case Analysis

Findings

Agency

Control

Strategy

Technology

Transaction Costs

Culture and Society

Economy and Market Size

Government and Politics

Industrial Structure

Resources

Contribution of the Chapter

Future Research Directions

References

10. Two Case Studies Harnessing Knowledge Capabilities in Emerging Markets: Offshoring and the Experience of MAC & Co.

Introduction

Recognition of Knowledge as a Core Competence

Background to the Research and Information Center

From Research and Information Functions to Knowledge Center

Creation of an Internal Buy-in for MKC

Building Momentum

The Current Position of MKC

Future Positioning of MKC

Change Management in MAST Africa Limited

Introduction

The Process of Change

Strategy Selection for Change Management

Change Management in MAST Africa Limited

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

11. Conclusion

Index